York Historic Environment Record

Archaeological investigations consisted of 4 trial trenches, 4 test pits, and 10 windowless cored samples. A total of 33 engineering interventions were also monitored and recorded during the project. Across virtually the whole site there has been significant truncation of archaeological deposits during the creation of the railways, bridge the insertion of services from the late 19th century onwards. Rampart deposits associated with the city wall appear to survive beneath the ramped section at the south of the Queen Street Bridge. Adjacent to Ivy Cottage potential rampart deposits survive within 1m of the current ground level which may be as early as Roman. Adjacent to Queen Street, there is potentially in excess of 1.5m of infill sealing the earlier city ditch deposits. Deeper, possibly natural ponds or dug features, may survive at the southwest of the car park area investigated and also in front of the railway sheds. At the entrance to the long stay car park natural subsoil is relatively close to the surface and there is potential for undisturbed archaeological deposits to survive in this area.